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| prostate cancer |
1.Prostate cancer occurs when abnormal cells within the prostate gland grow out of control.
2.Prostate cancer is related to sex hormones. Normal prostate cells grow when stimulated by testosterone. Testosterone appears to also stimulate the growth of certain types of prostate cancer cells.
3.There are two types of prostate cancer cells : hormone-sensitive cells and hormone-insensitive cells.
4.Testosterone plays an integral role in the growth and treatment of prostate cancer.
5.. Hormone-insensitive cells grow regardless of the presence or absence of testosterone.
6.Hormone-sensitive cells appear to be dependent on testosterone for growth.
GOOD NEWS
If patient is having a hormone sensitive prostate cancer cells, it can be cure almost totally with the help of lucrin depot!
Treatment and drug
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| 1.Lucrin depot for treatment of prostate cancer |
Analysis of this photo
1.Lucrin depot(indicated with red characters) –the trade mark
2.Leuprorelin Acetate- Medical name
3.11.25mg(clean mass of active ingredient only ) –3-MONTHS FORMULATION, injection to be given ONCE EVERY THREE MONTHS. Due to different release characteristics, a fractional dose of the 3-month depot formulation is not equivalent to the same dose of the monthly formulation and should not be given.
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| 2.List of ingredients and item in lucrin depot pack. Analysis of 2nd photo |
CONTENTS
1.Prefilled dual chambers syringe-Syringe with two chambers:
a)1st chamber :active ingredient prepared in microspheres form (drug incorporated in polymer). This microsphere is pre-sterilzed and lyophilized (freeze-dry. The material is rapidly frozen and dehydrated under high vacuum. )
b)2nd chamber :diluent for dilution of the drug to get the desire concentration (usually 1.5 ml)
2.Plunger-A device consisting of a rubber suction cup attached to the end of a stick, used to unclog blocked part
3.Alcohol wipe- aseptic purposes (wipe the skin before injection !).
4. Instruction paper-for physician to read.
*This drug is given intramuscularly not intravenously*--will be discusssed later
CONTENTS
1.Prefilled dual chambers syringe-Syringe with two chambers:
a)1st chamber :active ingredient prepared in microspheres form (drug incorporated in polymer). This microsphere is pre-sterilzed and lyophilized (freeze-dry. The material is rapidly frozen and dehydrated under high vacuum. )
b)2nd chamber :diluent for dilution of the drug to get the desire concentration (usually 1.5 ml)
2.Plunger-A device consisting of a rubber suction cup attached to the end of a stick, used to unclog blocked part
3.Alcohol wipe- aseptic purposes (wipe the skin before injection !).
4. Instruction paper-for physician to read.
*This drug is given intramuscularly not intravenously*--will be discusssed later
Ingredients and functions
1.Leuprolerin acetate--the active ingredients *will be discussed further by me*
2.Polyactic acid--Polymer to enclosed the drug in microsphere droplet form
3.Mannitol-- used as a facilitating agent for the transportation of pharmaceuticals directly into the brain (to allow active ingredient to cross the blood brain barrier).
4.Carboxylmethycellulose sodium– stabilize the microsphere in the solvent, act as stabilizer and surfactant.
5.D-mannitol--same as above but it is an optical isomer of the above
6.Polysorbate 80--Polysorbate 80 is an excipient that is used to stabilize aqueous formulations of medications for parenteral(ususally injection) administration.
7.Sterile water for dilution
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| LEUPROLERIN ACETATE |
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polyactic acid- |
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| Mannitol- |
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Polysorbate 80- |
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dual chambers syringe |
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| Carboxylmethycellulose sodium |
Intramuscular injection(IM)
>Striated muscle fiber
>Larger volume than SC can be given by IM. They may be easier to administer than IV injections. (0.5 -2 ml some time 4 ml )
>A depot or sustained release effect is possible with IM injections, e.g. procaine penicillin. If given intravenously may caused overdose, and toxicity, since the dose is prescribed for a period of reaction not for immediate release of drug into blood stream nor sudden reaction.
>very rapid absorption of drugs in aqueous solution
>Principle Site of injection: Deltoid muscle (arm), gluteal (buttocks), vastus lateralis (thigh)
>Given:
+solution,
+emulsion,
+oil
+suspension
What is Leuprolerin acetate ?
1.Leuprorelin or leuprolide acetate is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.
2.So what is gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist?
•Lucrin is a synthetic form of the naturally occurring gonadotropin releasing hormone.Which bind to receptors on pituitary gland and causes the release of gonadotropin hormone.
•When this hormone is released, production of LH(LH it stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone.) and FSH hormone reduced and finally testosterone level decreased
•This medicine is used to block the secretion of hormones testosterone from testes. In some types of cancer, these hormones help the cancer cells to grow.
•So by blocking these hormones, Lucrin may slow or stop the growth of prostate cancer.
•What is prostate cancer?* refer to previous section
How Leuprolerin acetate work?
1.Leuprolide acts as an agonist at pituitary(brain) GnRH receptors. It down regulates the secretion of gonadotropins luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
2.These reduces the production of testosterone.
3.So slows down the growth of prostate cancer.
Side effects of Leuprolerin acetate
•pain, swelling or redness at the injection site
•cough
•unusual tiredness or weakness
•tiredness sleepiness or drowsiness
•difficulty sleeping
•mild muscle, back or joint pain
•changes in testicular size
•change in your sexual drive
•inability to get or maintain an erection
•sweating and body odour
•hot flushes
•general pain
•nausea/vomiting
•buzzing, hissing, whistling, ringing or other persistent noise in the ears
•mild skin problems such as rash, itching, hives, dry skin or acne
•headache
•dizziness or light-headedness
•diarrhoea
•constipation
REMARK:
1.testosterone is a male sex hormone.
2.It is not testosterone which causes prostate cancer.
3.And leuprolerin acetate Side does not cure the cancer totally IF the cancer is hormone insensitive cells.
4.Leuprolerin acetate does not kill cancer but stop the grow of it.
5.Leuprolerin acetate is not a toxic but a synthetic hormone, SO the therapy is actually a hormonal therapy
6. This drug can be used for female also for breast cancer treatment
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